ABSTRACT
Background: In our previous study, the extract of Trachyspermum copticum [L.] Link seeds on gene expression of IFN-alpha and TGF-beta1 in mouse model with irritant contact dermatitis [ICD], in comparison with cutaneous corticosteroids were evaluated. In that study, in addition to significantly increase of IFN-alpha and TGF-beta1 genes expression levels in skin samples of [mice with ICD] groups treated with extract in comparison to other groups, histopathologic findings showed substantial improvement of skin color, texture and thickness, and also significant increase in hair follicle number. Therefore, we have decided to study the levels of Interleukin-1 [IL-1] gene expression, which plays a major role in inflammation responses, and Keratinocyte Growth Factor/Fibroblast Growth Factor-7 [KGF/FGF-7], which has growth effect on cells and is an important endogenous mediator of hair follicle growth and development
Materials and Methods: We used autopsy samples of skin lesions obtained from [mice model with irritant contact dermatitis [ICD]] from the previous study. In that study, [mice with ICD] divided in 9 groups and were treated with three concentrations of Trachyspermum Copticum [L.] Link dried seeds, cutaneous hydrocortisone, and fluocinolone acetonide. Then from the first day until the 10th day of treatment, clinical signs and histopathologic investigations were investigated. In the present study, using Real-Time PCR, the levels of IL-1 and KGF/FGF-7 genes expression in skin samples of inflammation site in above mice groups were studied. Statistical analysis, using one -way ANOVA, were performed. Level of significance was set at 0.05
Results: The IL-1 gene expression showed a significant difference between groups: IL-1 gene expression levels in mice with ICD treated with extract and corticosteroids were higher than the other groups [p=0.0001]. While in untreated [mice with ICD], no significant differences were observed. Also, during the treatment, there was a considerable increase in levels of IL-1 gene expression in groups treated with the extract at a rate of at least 2 to 3-fold in comparison with the [healthy untreated mice] group. The levels of KGF/FGF-7 gene expression in [mice with ICD] groups treated with the extract showed significance difference [p=0.014]; also there was a meaningful difference in [mice with ICD] groups treated with cutaneous corticosteroids [p=0.004]. While, in [untreated mice with ICD] group there were a significant decrease in the levels of KGF/FGF-7 gene expression in comparison with [healthy untreated mice] group [p=0.0001]. Also, changes in the levels IL-1 and KGF/FGF-7 gene expressions in each group in different days were seen
Conclusion: In this study, significant changes in the IL-1 and KGF/FGF-7 genes expression levels in the skin samples with inflammation, were associated with an increase in the rate and speed of improvement of contact dermatitis, more favorable conditions of the healed skin [in terms of color, consistency, and thickness], and a remarkable increase in the number of hair grown on the site of dermatitis [compared with control groups, and even groups with corticosteroid therapy]
ABSTRACT
Aim: To induce acute colitis progresses to chronicity in C57BL/6 mice by dextran sulfate sodium
Background: Murine models are essential tools to understand IBD pathogenesis. Among different types of chemically induced colitis models, the dextran sulfate sodium [DSS]-induced colitis model is the most common model of IBD, due to its simplicity
Patients and methods: Male C57BL/6 mice 6-8 weeks old, were collected and matched by age with controls. C57BL/6 mice treated with 2 cycles of 3.5% DSS for 4 days and 4 days of pure water between each cycle. After that, mice were sacrificed and the entire colon was removed. Small sections of the colon were fixed in formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sectioned with a microtome. Sections were stained with hematoxylin eosin to analyses the degree of inflammation
Results: After the first cycle oral administration of DSS, mice with severe and visible rectal bleeding and diarrhea entered into the acute phase. After day 4-5, bleeding and diarrhea were improved and mice entered into the chronic phase with peak levels of weight loss. Macroscopically, the inflammation was predominantly located in the distal colon. Microscopically, examination of the distal colon sections showed a decrease number of goblet cells, loss of crypts, signs of surface epithelial regeneration and moderate to severe infiltration of inflammatory cells in the mucosa
Conclusion: In order to achieve an experimental colitis model, our protocol is recommended for future therapies in IBD experimental modeling
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Dextran Sulfate , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Mice, Inbred C57BLABSTRACT
Surgical treatment of some renal neoplasia is partial nephrectomy; but in some cases subsequent injuries lead to complete nephrectomy. Cryogenic surgery as a minimally invasive procedure can be helpful in avoiding complete nephrectomy. The aim of the study is determination of the effect of cryosurgery on macroscopic and microscopic injury and healing of kidney tissue, along with determination of the speed and quality of healing compared with other current procedures. Cryogenic Partial nephrectomy was performed on posterior pole of left kidney of 6 male Dutch rabbit using contacting probe. After 1, 6 and 24 hours, and after 3, 7 and 14 days nephrectomy was done via laparatomy. After recording macroscopic properties of kidneys, they were processed for histopathologic studies. The freezed area in 1 to 24 hours' samples showed filling of renal tubes by RBCs, hemorrhage in glumerols, fibrinous deposition in capillaries and some interlobular venuls and arteries, along with initiation of cell necrosis. On 3,7,14 day samples, injured and non injured areas were separated by a transitional zone. Gradually, necrotic tissues were reabsorbed which resulted in involution of injured area that makes kidney smaller in size. It seems that cryosurgery is effective in healing. Cryogenic partial nephrectomy can be done easily and causes only limited injury during operation. This study showed that contacting probe has less invasive effect than needle probes and its healing process is faster and works through reabsorbtion of necrotic tissue